Disclaimer

⚠Warning

This course is educational material. It is not financial advice, investment advice, tax advice, or a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any security, derivative, currency or other instrument.

Nothing in it is personalised. The author does not know your circumstances, your obligations, your tax position, your jurisdiction or your tolerance for loss, and nothing here has been prepared with any of them in mind.

Trading and investing involve risk of loss

You can lose money. In leveraged instruments — margin accounts, futures, contracts for difference, options — you can lose more than you originally invested, and you may be required to deposit additional funds at short notice.

Losses can arise from causes no analysis anticipates: a gap through a stop, a failed order, a broker outage, a corporate action, a halt, a regulatory change, or an error in your own code.

No result in this course is a prediction

Several strategies are built and tested here. None of them is presented as one you should trade.

Every backtest is a simulation of a rule set over one sample of the past under a stated set of assumptions. It is not a measurement of what will happen, and it is not an expectation of future returns.

!Important

Past performance does not indicate future results. This is not a formality — it is the specific thing the research parts of this course spend most of their length demonstrating.

A backtest that has survived costs, look-ahead checks, out-of-sample testing and walk-forward analysis is a piece of evidence about the past that has not yet been ruled out as an explanation of the future. That is a much smaller claim than it is usually made to sound, and the course is written to make the difference visible.

Where numbers appear

Where any performance figure appears in this course, it comes with six things attached: what rules, over what universe, over what period, at what costs, with what fill assumption, from what data source. A figure without those six is not evidence, and the course does not quote any.

Some numbers in the material are explicitly illustrative — invented to frame an exercise, and labelled as such where they appear. No invented price series is ever presented as market data, and no synthetic data appears without being labelled synthetic.

Data, software and third parties

This course is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or connected to AmiBroker.com, Tomasz Janeczko, or any data vendor, broker or exchange mentioned in it. All product names and trademarks belong to their respective owners.

Statements about AmiBroker’s behaviour are verified against the official documentation and dated; the version validated against is stated. Software changes, and a statement that was accurate at the retrieval date may not be accurate when you read it. Check the official documentation.

Statements about data vendors, brokers and their capabilities are the most perishable material here. Provider capabilities, history depth, symbol limits, pricing and even the existence of a service all change. The provider appendices in Part 18 are dated and state explicitly which claims were verified and which were not. Verify anything you are about to pay for, with the vendor, before paying.

No market data is redistributed by this course. Where a study needs data, you supply it from your own source, under whatever licence that source grants you.

Your code is your responsibility

Every AFL example here is checked against the official function reference automatically, and the formulas are written to be readable and to state their assumptions. That is not the same as being correct for your purpose.

Before running any formula from this course against money:

• Read it, including the assumptions block at the top of the file.
• Check that its assumptions match your market, your broker, your instruments and your data.
• Validate it yourself, by the methods this course teaches.

A formula that behaves correctly on daily equity bars may behave quite differently on futures, on intraday data, on an instrument quoted in cents, or on a database whose corporate actions are adjusted differently.

No automated trading

This course does not cover automated live order execution and does not provide code that places orders. The chain it teaches ends at: alert → human review → decision.

AmiBroker has an automated-trading interface and it is a legitimate tool. It is out of scope here for two reasons. Automating a strategy you have not validated is the fastest available way to lose money. And the step from “the evidence is encouraging” to “I am risking capital on this” involves judgements about your circumstances that no formula can make.

Regulation

Financial services regulation differs by jurisdiction, and so do the rules about who may give advice, what may be marketed, and what disclosures are required.

This course is not regulated financial advice in any jurisdiction, and it is not intended to be. If you want advice about your own situation, seek it from a professional who is authorised and regulated where you live, and who has a duty to you.

No warranty

This material is provided as is, without warranty of any kind, express or implied — including, without limitation, any warranty of accuracy, completeness, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement.

To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the author accepts no liability for any loss or damage of any kind arising from the use of, or reliance on, this material — including direct, indirect, incidental, consequential or financial loss, and including trading losses.

You are responsible for your own decisions.

What this course does claim

To be clear about what is being asserted, since the sections above are about what is not:

• The statements about AmiBroker’s behaviour and AFL’s syntax are verified against official documentation, cited with retrieval dates, and validated automatically on every build.
• The methods taught for testing a market claim — base rates, out-of-sample testing, walk-forward analysis, cost sensitivity, execution audits — are standard research practice, and the course states their limitations rather than hiding them.
• Where the evidence for a popular claim is weak, the course says so.

None of that adds up to a claim that any strategy will make money. It adds up to a claim that you will be better equipped to find out.

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If you disagree with something in this course, or find an error, the sources page lists every official reference used so you can check it against the same material.